NCR (non-conformance report) and MRB
A non-conformance report documents a product or process that doesn't meet requirements, what was found, how it was dispositioned, and what was done about it.
An NCR records the part, job, and lot, the requirement that wasn't met, the quantity affected, and the disposition. Common dispositions are rework (bring it to drawing), repair (make it usable but not to drawing), use-as-is, scrap, and return to supplier. In aerospace and other regulated work, repair and use-as-is dispositions on customer-designed parts usually need the customer's approval.
Larger organizations route NCRs through a Material Review Board (MRB): a small group, typically quality, engineering, and sometimes the customer's representative, with authority to decide dispositions on nonconforming material. In a small shop the MRB may be the owner and the quality lead, but the principle is the same. Nonconforming parts are segregated and tagged, and someone with authority signs off on what happens to them.
Traveler's NCR workflow is designed to run log, disposition (with a customer-approval flag), cause, action, and close. A failed inspection step opens an NCR automatically, and every NCR shows on the part's history so the next quote and setup can account for it.
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